One of the most difficult challenges we are facing on for conducting AL classes is how to encourage students to study independently (motivation). Even if you ask questions during the class, the students always try their best to escape from the teacher’s eyes. You design a group discussion for AL classes, but it is so hard to let students got excited. And most of your students will play their smartphone as soon as they completed the tasks.
　
　The first question we should ask is what kind of courses the students expect for. In this lecture, we will introduce some examples of Hokkaido University students to show how to design the AL class based on the motivation of university students.
　
　Let’s think about what kind of lessons you can use for effective learning, based on the study motivation of students.